Year: 2016
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: IMPORTANCE: Maternal fish intake in pregnancy has been shown to influence fetal growth. The extent to which fish intake affects childhood growth and obesity remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether fish intake in pregnancy is associated with offspring growth and the risk of childhood overweight and obesity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Multicenter, population-based birth cohort study of singleton deliveries from 1996 to 2011 in Belgium, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Massachusetts. A total of 26,184 pregnant women and their children were followed up at 2-year intervals until the age of 6 years. EXPOSURES: Consumption of fish during pregnancy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: We estimated offspring body mass index percentile trajectories from 3 months after birth to 6 years of age. We defined rapid infant growth as a weight gain z score greater than 0.67 from birth to 2 years and childhood overweight/obesity at 4 and 6 years as body mass index in the 85th percentile or higher for age and sex. We calculated cohort-specific effect estimates and combined them by random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: This multicenter, population-based birth cohort study included the 26,184 pregnant women and their children. The median fish intake during pregnancy ranged from 0.5 times/week in Belgium to 4.45 times/week in Spain. Women who ate fish more than 3 times/week during pregnancy gave birth to offspring with higher body mass index values from infancy through middle childhood compared with women with lower fish intake (3 times/week or less). High fish intake during pregnancy (>3 times/week) was associated with increased risk of rapid infant growth, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.22 (95% CI, 1.05-1.42) and increased risk of offspring overweight/obesity at 4 years (aOR, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.99-1.32]) and 6 years (aOR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.01-1.47]) compared with an intake of once per week or less. Interaction analysis showed that the effect of high fish intake during pregnancy on rapid infant growth was greater among girls (aOR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.08-1.59]) than among boys (aOR, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.92-1.34]; P = .02 for interaction). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: High maternal fish intake during pregnancy was associated with increased risk of rapid growth in infancy and childhood obesity. Our findings are in line with the fish intake limit proposed by the US Food and Drug Administration and Environmental Protection Agency.
Authors: Nikos Stratakis, Theano Roumeliotaki, Emily Oken, Henrique Barros, Mikel Basterrechea, Marie-Aline Charles, Merete Eggesbø, Francesco Forastiere, Romy Gaillard, Ulrike Gehring, Eva Govarts, Wojciech Hanke, Barbara Heude, Nina Iszatt, Vincent W. Jaddoe, Cecily Kelleher, Monique Mommers, Mario Murcia, Andreia Oliveira, Costanza Pizzi, Kinga Polanska, Daniela Porta, Lorenzo Richiardi, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Greet Schoeters, Jordi Sunyer, Carel Thijs, Karien Viljoen, Martine Vrijheid, Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte, Alet H. Wijga, Maurice P. Zeegers, Manolis Kogevinas, Leda Chatzi
Institutions: University of Crete, Harvard University, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Universidade do Porto, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Basque Government, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Inserm, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Regione Lazio, Erasmus MC, Utrecht University, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, University College Dublin, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Universitat Jaume I, Universitat de València, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana, Piedmont Reference Center for Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention, University of Turin, University of Antwerp, University of Southern Denmark, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Maastricht University, National School of Public Health, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital del Mar Research Institute
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Funders: Compagnia di San Paolo, Health Research Board, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Triodos Foundation, Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, European Commission, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, ZonMw, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, Universiteit Utrecht, Universiteit Maastricht, Generalitat de Catalunya, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Erasmus Medisch Centrum, Eusko Jaurlaritza, Ministero della Salute, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Generalitat Valenciana, Universitat de València, University of Crete, Universitat Jaume I, Université Paris Descartes, Norges Forskningsråd, Syddansk Universitet, Università degli Studi di Torino, Universidade do Porto, Université Paris-Sud, Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek, Universiteit Antwerpen, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana, National Institutes of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Regional Development Fund, Instituto De Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Universiteit Maastricht, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, FP7 Health, CHIST-ERA
Awards: G1901141725, G1929206383, Developing a Child Cohort Research Strategy for Europe, Patient-oriented Research in Maternal Perinatal Overnutrition and Child Adiposity, G2181407928, G2325242462, G2605948900, G265847165, G2716889063, G2861369480, G2973790809, G3158803353, G31757887, G3207356259, G3233413551, G3504454571, Gene-Environment Interactions in an Autism Birth Cohort, Effects of prenatal diet and mercury exposure on child behavior and development, G393177772, G4749042089, G4760961572, G496129201, Maternal fatty acids, child obesity, and asthma immunity, G5185833053, G5661482178, G5702163051, G5724314488, G572783573, NORWAY MOTHER AND CHILD COHORT STUDY: CONTINUED SPECIMEN, G586812122, G6033091583, G6064639284, G6202791625, Pre- and Peri-natal Predictors of Childhood Obesity, G7426531139, G7801499672, G8090809263, G8450998669, Prenatal environmental determinants of health in young adulthood: a lifecourse approach, G903740175
OpenAlex ID: W2272846777