Prior cycles of anti-CD20 antibodies affect antibody responses after repeated SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination
Year: 2023
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUNDWhile B cell depletion is associated with attenuated antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination, responses vary among individuals. Thus, elucidating the factors that affect immune responses after repeated vaccination is an important clinical need.METHODSWe evaluated the quality and magnitude of the T cell, B cell, antibody, and cytokine responses to a third dose of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccine in patients with B cell depletion.RESULTSIn contrast with control individuals (n = 10), most patients on anti-CD20 therapy (n = 48) did not demonstrate an increase in spike-specific B cells or antibodies after a third dose of vaccine. A third vaccine elicited significantly increased frequencies of spike-specific non-naive T cells. A small subset of B cell-depleted individuals effectively produced spike-specific antibodies, and logistic regression models identified time since last anti-CD20 treatment and lower cumulative exposure to anti-CD20 mAbs as predictors of those having a serologic response. B cell-depleted patients who mounted an antibody response to 3 vaccine doses had persistent humoral immunity 6 months later.CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrate that serial vaccination strategies can be effective for a subset of B cell-depleted patients.FUNDINGThe NIH (R25 NS079193, P01 AI073748, U24 AI11867, R01 AI22220, UM 1HG009390, P01 AI039671, P50 CA121974, R01 CA227473, U01CA260507, 75N93019C00065, K24 AG042489), NIH HIPC Consortium (U19 AI089992), the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (CA 1061-A-18, RG-1802-30153), the Nancy Taylor Foundation for Chronic Diseases, Erase MS, and the Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center at Yale (P30 AG21342).
Source: JCI Insight
Authors: Hiromitsu Asashima, Dongjoo Kim, Kaicheng Wang, Nikhil Lele, Nicholas C. Buitrago-Pocasangre, Rachel Lutz, Isabella Cruz, Khadir Raddassi, William E. Ruff, Michael K. Racke, JoDell E. Wilson, Tara S. Givens, Alba Grifoni, Daniela Weiskopf, Alessandro Sette, Steven H. Kleinstein, Ruth R. Montgomery, Albert C. Shaw, Fangyong Li, Rong Fan, David A. Hafler, Mary M. Tomayko, Erin E. Longbrake
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,100
Funders: National Multiple Sclerosis Society, Robert E. Leet and Clara Guthrie Patterson Trust, Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Yale University, Gilead Sciences, Biogen, Nancy Taylor Foundation for Chronic Diseases, TG Therapeutics, Sage Therapeutics, Quest Diagnostics, NGM Biopharmaceuticals, Compass Therapeutics, Moderna, Multiple Sclerosis Society, National Institutes of Health, Genentech, EMD Serono, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Institute for Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Yale University, Sanofi Genzyme, National Institute on Aging, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
Awards: G1117591655, (8) Mechanisms of autoimmune endocrine diseases in patients receiving checkpoint inhibitors, Yale Clinical Neuroscientist Training Program, G1807832469, A Catalog of Cell Types and Genomic Elements in Tissues, Organoids and Disease, Midcareer Award in Translational Immunology of Aging, G3276807266, TIM family of genes: Role in T cell immunity and tolerance, G4935711089, Genomics of NFκB-mediated gene regulation in multiple sclerosis, G5981183816, G6722910477, Immuno-Serological Assays for Monitoring COVID19 in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies, G9000027401, G9000070285, G9000075367, G9000201624, G9000305862, Costimulatory Mechanisms of Autoimmunity, Immune signatures of vaccine responses in vulnerable populations, Yale SPORE in Skin Cancer, Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center at Yale, G978282560
OpenAlex ID: W4386022292