Application of Seismic Refraction Techniques in Geotechnical Evaluation for Sustainable Foundation in Parts of Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study was carried out in Amassoama, Southern Ijaw Local Government Area of Bayelsa State and demonstrates the effectiveness of seismic refraction as a non-invasive, cost-efficient method for near-surface geotechnical characterization in the complex swampy terrain of Amassoama, Niger Delta. Utilizing an ABEM Terralog Mark 6 seismograph with 14 Hz geophones, we acquired four linear profiles measuring P- and S-wave travel times to depths of ~16 m. Velocity inversion of first-arrival data yielded detailed Vs (230–870 m/s) and Vp (420–1700 m/s) profiles, enabling derivation of key engineering parameters: elastic moduli, Poisson's ratio (0.26–0.35), and bearing capacity (Qa: 30–950 kPa). Results reveal a consistent velocity-depth relationship, with Vs increasing threefold from surface to bedrock, correlating with a 30-fold improvement in Qa. The method successfully identified weak surface soils (Qa < 50 kPa) requiring ground improvement, and competent strata at >10 m depth (Vs > 800 m/s, Qa > 280 kPa) suitable for pile foundations. These findings validate seismic refraction's capability to map soil-bedrock interfaces and quantify material competence in heterogeneous deltaic environments, providing critical data for foundation design while reducing reliance on extensive borehole investigations. The study establishes a framework for efficient geotechnical assessment in similar challenging terrains worldwide.
Authors: Evwienure, Oghenechukome Azakiri, Udom, Godwin Jeremiah, Nnurum, Ekaette Uzoma, Oghonyon, Rorome
Institution: University of Port Harcourt
Language: English
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7081628034
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