Resilience or Rigidity? A Closer Look at the S&P 500's Performance (September 4, 2024 – September 4, 2025): The Perspective from Risk Pressure Level Assessment (RPLA)
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study applies the Risk Pressure Level Assessment (RPLA)© to the S&P 500 from September 4, 2024, to September 4, 2025, challenging the prevailing narrative of market resilience. Traditional probabilistic models, including Value-at-Risk (VaR95: –1.6%; VaR99: –3.2%), depict apparent stability, reinforced by a 14.37% year-to-date gain (Yahoo Finance, 2025). However, RPLA — operationalizing the author’s Changification framework© —quantifies systemic adaptability across three capacities: Anticipate Shift, Quantify Change, and Uncover Patterns that Connect. The findings reveal a persistent RPLA Index of 0.07–0.09, well below the Requisite Complexity Zone© (0.15–0.29). This suggests rigidity rather than resilience, where the market rebounds to brittle baselines instead of adapting structurally. The April 2025 tariff shock illustrates this dynamic: while probabilistic models showed contained losses (Reuters, 2025), RPLA exposed hidden systemic pressure.
Author: Apanisile, Temitope Samuel
Institution: Espam Formation University
Language: English
Subfield: Economics and Econometrics
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7081913360
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