Coumarin-Maleimide Hybrids: Design, Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activities, and Molecular Docking
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: A series of amino derivatives of coumarin-maleimide hybrid compounds was synthesized, beginning with 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin. This compound reacts with 2,3-dichloromaleic anhydride to produce the corresponding 3,4-dichloromaleimide. By substituting the chlorine atom with various secondary or aromatic amines, a collection of 3-amino-4-chloromaleimides was obtained. Nineteen coumarin-maleimide hybrid compounds were tested for cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines a breast cancer cell line (T47D), a cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), and a lung cancer cell line (A549), in addition to a normal monkey kidney cell line (VERO). Among these compounds, compound 3t exhibited the highest activity against the breast cancer cells (T47D, IC50 = 5.5 µM), surpassing the positive control doxorubicin (IC50 = 7.36 µM), followed by compounds 3p, 3n, and 3r, all of which demonstrated good IC50 values. In contrast, compounds 3c, 3a, and 3p exhibited the greatest activity against the lung cancer cell line. Notably, all compounds showed no toxicity against the normal VERO cells. Molecular docking studies indicated that compound 3t has an excellent binding affinity for two proteins: the human estrogen receptor alpha (hER) and the progesterone receptor (PR).
Source: Figshare
Authors: Salameh, Bader A., Alashram, Duaa, Talib, Wamidh H., Shtaiwi, Amneh, Hadi, Rawan W., Al-Qawasmeh, Raed
Language: English
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7084072404
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