Nutritional Status of Plant, Grain and Soil in Nutrient Management of Irrigated Wheat Under Natural Farming System
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study evaluated cow urine (CU), Jeevamrutha (JA), their combinations, and standard controls on nutrient uptake, grain protein, and post-harvest soil fertility in irrigated wheat. Among single inputs, 100% CU produced the highest N uptake and grain protein, followed by 50% and 25% CU; 100% JA improved N uptake and protein over the ZBNF schedule and 25% JA, while 50% JA performed on par with 100% JA. The combination CU 50% + JA 100% (CU3JA4) yielded the greatest grain, straw, and total plant N uptake and protein, and similar superiority extended to P, K, and micronutrient (Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu) uptake. Post-harvest soil pH and organic carbon were largely unchanged across treatments, whereas electrical conductivity was higher under the recommended package of practices (RPP). Available N, P₂O₅, K₂O and DTPA-extractable micronutrients were greatest under CU3JA4, with organic farming occasionally exceeding RPP for soil micronutrients. Overall, organic liquid bio-inputs—particularly CU and JA used together—enhanced nutrient uptake and soil fertility; integrating them with conventional practices may balance rapid nutrient delivery with sustained soil health for more resilient wheat production.
Authors: Behera, Alok Kumar, Chandrashekara, C. P.
Institution: University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
Language: English
Subfield: Soil Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7084758992
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