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Machine Learning-Enhanced Multidisciplinary Assessment of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollution: Biochemical, Microbial, Toxicological, and Environmental Perspectives

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: This paper presents a holistic analysis of the extent of petroleum-related pollutants and their toxicological implication in five Niger Delta Communities: Odimodi, Burutu, Obatebe, Ayakoromo, and Gbekebor. The hydrocarbon analyses showed that TPH and PAHs were repeatedly above the standards defined by the World Health Organization, with Gbekebor having the highest TPH (24.65 mg/L), and significant burdens of Pb (0.20 mg/L) and Cd (0.07 mg/L). Positive correlations between metals and hydrocarbons proved synergistic release due to changes in the redox conditions. Microbial tests indicated extremely high coliforms and E. coli, particularly with Burutu and Obatebe, where biochemical oxygen demand and oxygen depletion were considerable. Biomarker tests revealed dramatic physiological disturbances: the expression of CYP1A1 was shown to increase up to 4.8-fold, GST activity was significantly elevated, and hepatocellular stress was evident through increased ALT / AST ratios. Ecological indicators rank Odimodi and Burutu as high-risk areas, with values above 2.5 in Pollution Load Indices and the Hazard Quotient index for Pb and Cd in children exceeding 3, indicating very high levels of neurotoxic and nephrotoxic hazards. The RF and RF-ANN ensemble performers achieved successive ranks of 96.19%, 95.61%, and 95.91% in terms of predictive accuracy, with TPH, Pb, and Cd as the predominant pollution predictors. This paper integrates chemical, microbial, biomarker, and computational data to inform an authoritative risk assessment and a targeted environmental management solution for petroleum-polluted environments.

Source: Journal of Science Innovation and Technology Research

DOI: 10.70382/ajsitr.v5i9.022

Authors: Gospel Effiong Isangadighi, Ernest Nwanwunweneonye Orhuebor, Ubong Bernard Essien, Precious Matthew, Musfikul Islam, Etinosa Ahanor, Gabriel Obahor

Institutions: Federal University of Petroleum Resource Effurun, Southern Delta University, Ozoro, University of Uyo, Ahmadu Bello University, International American University

Language: English

Topic: Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology

Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Clean water and sanitation, Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W7087167885

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