Critical Analysis of the Dirac Field: From Mathematical Elegance to the Rupture with Ontological Reality
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The Dirac equation, while mathematically elegant, poses fundamental **ontological ruptures** by requiring non-physical procedures like the subtraction of infinite vacuum energy and relying on unobserved **virtual particles** for prediction. This paper analyzes this crisis, arguing that the success of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) is purely *predictive* (instrumentalism), not *ontological*. We emphasize that the continued acceptance of infinite renormalization and non-physical kinematic states hinders the search for a simpler, causal, and geometrically honest theory where every mathematical element corresponds to a detectable physical entity or process. The ultimate solution must generate stable fermionic states through intrinsic **Structural Phase Invariants** rather than abstract algebraic rules.
Author: Caputo, Rubens Nunes
Language: English
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7091481970
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