The Ontology of Fear and Courage: Compromise and Freedom in the Face of Non-Being
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This paper presents an ontological reconceptualization of fear and courage as fundamental orientations toward the possibility of non-being. Through phe- nomenological analysis grounded in existential philosophy, fear is theorized as a chosen belief—based on empirical experience—that future possibilities possess the power to negate one’s existence. This belief structures existence as continuous ontological compromise. Courage, conversely, is theorized as the refusal to grant ontological authority to any threat, including death, enabling existence without compromise. Drawing on Heidegger’s analysis of thrownness and Sartrean free- dom, this study develops a unified ontological framework distinguishing fear from biological reflex and demonstrating how ontological reorientation—not emotional management—constitutes the transformation from fear to courage. The frame- work addresses the dialectic between thrownness (inherited fear) and reclaimed projection (courage as freedom), showing that while initial fear may be imposed, the ongoing maintenance of fear involves a recoverable choice. Concrete phe- nomenological examples including trauma, recidivism, and martyrdom illustrate the empirical validity and therapeutic implications of this framework. The ontolog- ical distinction between conditional existence (fear) and unconditional existence (courage) offers novel insights for existential therapy, trauma treatment, and the philosophy of emotion. Keywords: fear, courage, ontology, existentialism, phenomenology, non-being, trauma, compromise, freedom, thrownness, existential therapy
Author: Mahardhika, Jimmy Yuanda
Language: English
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7092290388
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