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Nasal Flaring in an Unconscious Child With Severe Malaria: Compensation Reflex for Metabolic Acidosis

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Kussmaul breathing is a clinical sign of metabolic acidosis. Inspiratory flaring of the alae nasi may accompany these respirations, enhancing compensatory CO2 exhalation. We describe a child with severe falciparum malaria, coma, and metabolic acidosis. We discuss a ventilatory reflex, localized in the brainstem, which senses rising H+/CO2, and leads to a compensatory coordinated unconscious response, which includes nasal flaring.

Source: Annals of Internal Medicine Clinical Cases

DOI: 10.7326/aimcc.2025.0543

Authors: Bert K. Lopansri, Donald L. Granger, Esther D. Mwaikambo

Institutions: Intermountain Healthcare, University of Utah, Hubert Kairuki Memorial University

Language: English

Topic: Neuroscience of respiration and sleep

Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems

Field: Neuroscience

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W7093018397

FWCI:

Cites: 11

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