Work

MON-557 Trends in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM) Burden Attributable to High BMI Across Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Oceania: Age, Sex, and regional disparities from 1990-2021

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Disclosure: A. Bhalodia: None. R. Daoud: None. K. Shah: None. M. Waqas: None. N. Dhillon: None. S. Sonani: None. A. Rangani: None. P. Kaur: None. R. Dudhat: None. V.P. Amin: None. H.D. Desai: None. Introduction: Type 2 DM ranks as the 11th leading cause of death and the 6th leading cause of disability across Southeast Asia (SEA), East Asia (EA), and Oceania, where high body mass index (h-BMI) is a major risk factor contributing to the disease burden. Despite the increasing impact, comprehensive regional data remains scarce in SEA, EA, and Oceania. Method: We estimated deaths, disability adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs) due to T2DM attributable to h-BMI by age, sex, year, location across the SEA, EA, and Oceania from 1990-2021 using global burden of disease study 2021. The Annual Percentage Change (APC) in both age-adjusted and unadjusted rates was calculated through linear regression analysis. Results: From 1990 to 2021, deaths due to T2DM attributable to h-BMI rose from 40,466 (95% UI: 17,065-64,086) to 154,562 (95% UI: 61,018-239,999). DALYs increased from 2.2 million (95% UI: 1-3.4 million) to 9.7 million (95% UI: 4.6-14.3 million), and YLDs from 1,079,465 (95% UI: 482,817-1,739,817) to 5.8 million (95% UI: 2.6-8.9 million). Regionally, the highest APC in ASMR was in SEA (1.67%), followed by EA (0.92%), and Oceania (0.62%). For DALYs, EA led with a 2.09% APC, followed by SEA (1.98%), and Oceania (1.03%). The APC for YLDs was highest in SEA (3.19%), then EA (2.99%), and Oceania (2.82%). Nationally, Mauritius showed the greatest increase in ASMR (2.9%), followed by Indonesia (2.4%), Vietnam (2.18%), and the Philippines (2.14%). The most significant decreases were in Guam (2.05%), the Maldives (1.46%), Cook Island (0.6%), Malaysia (0.3%), and Taiwan (0.47%). Timor Leste had the highest APC in ASYLDR (5.22%), followed by Seychelles (4.59%), Cambodia (4.2%), Laos (4.11%), and Vietnam (4.02%). Age-wise, the APC in unadjusted death rate for 20-54 years was 2.15% and for 55+ years was 1.35%. DALYs for 20-54 years saw a 3.33% increase and for 55+ years 1.76%. YLDs increased by 4.10% in the 20-54 years group and 2.64% in the 55+ years group. Gender-wise, males showed higher APCs than females in ASMR (1.74% vs 0.87%), ASDALR (2.39% vs 1.66%), and ASYLDR (3.10% vs 2.77%). Conclusion: In the last 3 decades, deaths and disability due to T2DM attributable to h-BMI, significantly escalated, particularly in SEA which consistently recorded the highest annual increases. Notable national spikes in health metrics were observed in Mauritius, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Timor Leste, with younger adults and males disproportionately affected. These trends underline an urgent need for focused public health strategies to mitigate the rising impact of h-BMI. Presentation: Monday, July 14, 2025

Source: Journal of the Endocrine Society

DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvaf149.924