Work

An MPC-based two-stage primary frequency regulation strategy for grid integrated wind farms

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: • An MPC-based two-stage PFR method is proposed for a wind farm to improve the system frequency response while avoiding SFD. • The method accounts for wind speeds and a feedback correction term is introduced to improve the accuracy of the models. • The proposed method is fully evaluated and compared via detailed case studies. With the large-scale integration of offshore wind farms into power grids, the frequency stability of power systems faces significant hurdles because wind turbines (WTs) usually operate in the maximum power point tracking mode. This paper proposes an improved two-stage model predictive control method aimed at providing optimal control throughout the primary frequency regulation process of the wind farm. By considering local wind speed conditions, this method enhances resistance to wind speed disturbances. Given the discrepancies between linearized prediction models and actual models, a model feedback correction scheme is employed to ensure the feasibility and practicality of the proposed method. The method is designed to effectively track the frequency support requirements of grid operators while reducing frequency regulation costs, enabling mode switching without compromising the frequency support performance of WTs and avoiding secondary frequency drop (SFD) while rapidly restoring rotor speed. Finally, simulations on an equivalent power system with a real offshore wind farm containing 40 permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based WTs are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method could effectively increase the lowest frequency nadir and mitigate SFD, even during periods with variations in wind speed.

Source: International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.111264

Authors: Shiyu Ji, Jini Zhuang, Mingbo Liu

Institution: South China University of Technology

Language: English

Topic: Wind Turbine Control Systems

Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Affordable and clean energy, Climate action

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,920