Year: 2025
Type: review
Abstract: Disclosure: R. Jain: None. A. Desai: None. D. Venkataraman: None. R. Montanarin: None. R. Kleimmann: None. K. Raj: None. Background- Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omega-3) have antioxidant properties and have been shown to improve a variety of disease processes such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease. However, the impact of Omega-3, in the treatment and management of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) remains unclear. Therefore, this report presents an updated meta-analysis on the efficacy of Omega-3 supplementation on the glycemic control (HbA1C), lipid profile and vascular health in T1DM patients. Methods- EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane databases were searched up to July 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing Omega-3 and placebo in patients with T1DM. We pooled outcomes for 1) HbA1C, 2) triglycerides, 3) LDL, 4) HDL, 5) total cholesterol and 6) carotid intima thickness. Heterogeneity was assessed with I² statistics. A random-effects model was used for outcomes with high heterogeneity. Results- 5 RCTs and 1 cohort study with 261 patients were included, of whom 119 were given Omega-3. Mean follow up ranged from 3 months up to 12 months. HbA1c (SMD -0.56; 95% CI -0.89 - -0.22, p<0.01 ; I² = 0%Figure 1A) and triglycerides (SMD -0.81; 95% CI -1.53 - -0.08, p = 0.005; I² = 77%; Figure 1B) was reduced in the Omega-3 group after 3 months. HDL levels (SMD 1.47 ; 95% CI 0.12 - 2.82, p = 0.00009; I² = 92%) were raised in the Omega-3 group after 3 months. Carotid intima thickness (SMD -0.68; 95% CI -1.33 - -0.03, p = 0.04; I² = 69%) was also reduced in the intervention group after 3 months. Conclusion- Our findings suggest that Omega-3 in the T1DM population is associated with reduction of HbA1C, and Triglycerides levels, even though the LDL and total cholesterol remain unchanged. It also increases HDL cholesterol and reduces carotid intima thickness. Presentation: Saturday, July 12, 2025
Source: Journal of the Endocrine Society
Authors: Riddhi Jain, Anjali Desai, Deepak Venkataraman, Renata Montanarin, Rafael Kleimmann, Kshitij Raj
Language: English
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,255
OpenAlex ID: W7093354235
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