Year: 2015
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Recent studies suggest that gut microbiomes of urban-industrialized societies are different from those of traditional peoples. Here we examine the relationship between lifeways and gut microbiota through taxonomic and functional potential characterization of faecal samples from hunter-gatherer and traditional agriculturalist communities in Peru and an urban-industrialized community from the US. We find that in addition to taxonomic and metabolic differences between urban and traditional lifestyles, hunter-gatherers form a distinct sub-group among traditional peoples. As observed in previous studies, we find that Treponema are characteristic of traditional gut microbiomes. Moreover, through genome reconstruction (2.2-2.5 MB, coverage depth × 26-513) and functional potential characterization, we discover these Treponema are diverse, fall outside of pathogenic clades and are similar to Treponema succinifaciens, a known carbohydrate metabolizer in swine. Gut Treponema are found in non-human primates and all traditional peoples studied to date, suggesting they are symbionts lost in urban-industrialized societies.
Source: Nature Communications
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7505
Authors: Alexandra J. Obregon-Tito, Raul Y. Tito, Jessica Metcalf, Krithivasan Sankaranarayanan, Jose C. Clemente, Luke K. Ursell, Zhenjiang Zech Xu, Will Van Treuren, Rob Knight, Patrick M. Gaffney, Paul Spicer, Paul Lawson, Luis Marin-Reyes, Omar Trujillo-Villarroel, Morris Foster, Emilio Guija-Poma, Luzmila Troncoso-Corzo, Christina Warinner, Andrew T. Ozga, Cecil M. Lewis
Institutions: City Of Hope National Medical Center, Universidad Científica del Sur, City of Hope, University of Oklahoma, University of Colorado Boulder, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, University of California San Diego, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Old Dominion University
Language: English
Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $6,990
Awards: Indigenous Communities and Human Microbiome Research, CAREER: Research, Education, and Capacity Building - Genomic Structure of Native Peruvian Populations, G4079028083, Cancer Genetics Career Development Program, Microbial Ecologies of Indigenous Communities, G9000328843, Oklahoma Shared Clinical and Translational Resources, G912112078
OpenAlex ID: W2063890406