Job Strain as a Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis of 124,808 Men and Women
Year: 2014
Type: review
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The status of psychosocial stress at work as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes is unclear because existing evidence is based on small studies and is subject to confounding by lifestyle factors, such as obesity and physical inactivity. This collaborative study examined whether stress at work, defined as "job strain," is associated with incident type 2 diabetes independent of lifestyle factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We extracted individual-level data for 124,808 diabetes-free adults from 13 European cohort studies participating in the IPD-Work Consortium. We measured job strain with baseline questionnaires. Incident type 2 diabetes at follow-up was ascertained using national health registers, clinical screening, and self-reports. We analyzed data for each study using Cox regression and pooled the study-specific estimates in fixed-effect meta-analyses. RESULTS: There were 3,703 cases of incident diabetes during a mean follow-up of 10.3 years. After adjustment for age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES), the hazard ratio (HR) for job strain compared with no job strain was 1.15 (95% CI 1.06-1.25) with no difference between men and women (1.19 [1.06-1.34] and 1.13 [1.00-1.28], respectively). In stratified analyses, job strain was associated with an increased risk of diabetes among those with healthy and unhealthy lifestyle habits. In a multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, SES, and lifestyle habits, the HR was 1.11 (1.00-1.23). CONCLUSIONS: Findings from a large pan-European dataset suggest that job strain is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in men and women independent of lifestyle factors.
Source: Diabetes Care
DOI: 10.2337/dc13-2936
Authors: Solja T. Nyberg, Eleonor I. Fransson, Katriina Heikkilä, Kirsi Ahola, Lars Alfredsson, Jakob B. Bjorner, Marianne Borritz, Hermann Burr, Nico Dragano, Marcel Goldberg, Mark Hamer, Markus Jokela, Anders Knutsson, Markku Koskenvuo, Aki Koskinen, Anne Kouvonen, Constanze Leineweber, Ida E.H. Madsen, Linda L. Magnusson Hanson, Michael G. Marmot, Martin L. Nielsen, Maria Nordin, Tuula Oksanen, Jan H. Pejtersen, Jaana Pentti, Reiner Rugulies, Paula Salo, Johannes Siegrist, Andrew Steptoe, Sakari Suominen, Töres Theorell, Ari Väänänen, Jussi Vahtera, Marianna Virtanen, Peter J.M. Westerholm, Hugo Westerlund, Marie Zins, G. David Batty, Eric J. Brunner, Jane E. Ferrie, Archana Singh-Manoux, Mika Kivimäki
Institutions: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Stockholm University, Karolinska Institutet, Jönköping University, Region Stockholm, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Inserm, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, University College London, University of Helsinki, Mid Sweden University, Queen's University Belfast, Umeå University, Danish National Centre for Social Research, University of Copenhagen, University of Turku, Nordic School of Public Health, Folkhälsans Forskningscentrum, Turku University Hospital, Uppsala University, University of Edinburgh, University of Bristol
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Funders: National Research Centre, British Heart Foundation, Bupa Foundation, Forskningsrådet för Arbetsliv och Socialvetenskap, Työsuojelurahasto, Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung, National Institutes of Health, Medical Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, National Institute on Aging, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Awards: Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, G1492072473, G2294100661, G2425175678, Health behaviors over the adult lifecourse and cognitive aging, Determinants of healthy ageing in the Whitehall II study, G400652325, The Centre of Excellence for Public Health (NI) - Phase II (CoEfPHNI/II), RENEWAL: The psychophysiology of coronary heart disease, G6078043905, G6122601559, Adult Determinants of Late Life Depression, Cognitive Decline and Physical Functioning - The Whitehall II Ageing Study, Proposal to conceptually integrate social determinants of health research and capabilities approach to development and social justice., Vascular risk and functional decline in old age (renewal), RENEWAL: Psychosocial and biological factors in the occurrence of cardiovascular disease: the Whitehall II study, G8375668124, Socioeconomic gradient in CHD in early old age
OpenAlex ID: W2170266504