Work

Glycoprotein H and α4β1 Integrins Determine the Entry Pathway of Alphaherpesviruses

Year: 2013

Type: article

Abstract: Herpesviruses enter cells either by direct fusion at the plasma membrane or from within endosomes, depending on the cell type and receptor(s). We investigated two closely related herpesviruses of horses, equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) and EHV-4, for which the cellular and viral determinants routing virus entry are unknown. We show that EHV-1 enters equine epithelial cells via direct fusion at the plasma membrane, while EHV-4 does so via an endocytic pathway, which is dependent on dynamin II, cholesterol, caveolin 1, and tyrosine kinase activity. Exchange of glycoprotein H (gH) between EHV-1 and EHV-4 resulted in rerouting of EHV-1 to the endocytic pathway, as did blocking of α4β1 integrins on the cell surface. Furthermore, a point mutation in the SDI integrin-binding motif of EHV-1 gH also directed EHV-1 to the endocytic pathway. Cumulatively, we show that viral gH and cellular α4β1 integrins are important determinants in the choice of alphaherpesvirus cellular entry pathways.

Source: Journal of Virology

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03522-12

Authors: Walid Azab, Maik J. Lehmann, Nikolaus Osterrieder

Institutions: Zagazig University, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

Language: English

Topic: Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments

Subfield: Infectious Diseases

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: green

Funders: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, Freie Universität Berlin