Year: 2014
Type: review
Abstract: Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are constructed through the stepwise addition of respective monosaccharides by various glycosyltransferases and maturated by epimerases and sulfotransferases. The structural diversity of GAG polysaccharides, including their sulfation patterns and sequential arrangements, is essential for a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling, cell proliferation, tissue morphogenesis, and interactions with various growth factors. Studies using knockout mice of enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of the GAG side chains of proteoglycans have revealed their physiological functions. Furthermore, mutations in the human genes encoding glycosyltransferases, sulfotransferases, and related enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of GAGs cause a number of genetic disorders including chondrodysplasia, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, and Ehlers-Danlos syndromes. This review focused on the increasing number of glycobiological studies on knockout mice and genetic diseases caused by disturbances in the biosynthetic enzymes for GAGs.
Source: BioMed Research International
DOI: 10.1155/2014/495764
Institutions: Meijo University, Hokkaido University
Language: English
Subfield: Cell Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $2,680
Awards: G1303280373, G1884526629, G2324883682, Structural and functional studies on the novel hyaluronidase trying for its clinical application, G3103386820, G3586837434, G5291935710, G5447130214, G7198002032, G8391434687, G8456005041, Roles of chondroitin sulfate interacting with RAGE involved in tumor and Alzheimer's disease
OpenAlex ID: W2159046800