Closed Surfaces as Self-Contained Monopoles: A Differential-Geometric Framework
Year: 2025
Type: conference-paper
Abstract: This study presents a rigorous differential-geometric formulation of Closed Surface Theory, in which every magnetic and electric field is represented as a self-contained monopolar circulation on a compact smooth surface (φ-surface).Using intrinsic operators—tangential gradient, surface divergence, and Laplace–Beltrami operator—the framework demonstrates that surface magnetism can be fully characterized without invoking magnetic charges or open field lines. Lemmas and propositions are established through Hodge decomposition and Stokes’ theorem, proving that: Magnetic flux on a closed surface is intrinsically divergence-free ( B =0); Rotational phase continuity of scale-like free electrons generates tangential surface currents ( ); The macroscopic dipole field of a magnet is a projection effect of asymmetrically distributed monopolar loops; Gauge invariance and topological harmonics describe higher-genus circulation modes. This formalism unifies Maxwell-like dynamics with geometric topology, providing an exact analytic basis for the concept that all magnetic and electric phenomena arise from closed, self-consistent φ-surfaces rather than discrete poles.The work extends the physical interpretation of free-electron layers, magnetic continuity, and apparent dipolarity as emergent projections of deeper geometric monopoles.
Author: Konno, Tetsuo
Language: English
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7101783285
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