Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Introduction: Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, remains a major public health issue in developing countries, affecting various organs. Multi-drug therapy (MDT) has significantly reduced cases, including Dapsone-resistant strains. Leprosy lesions are classified based on immune response into five types. This study aims to explore the histological types of leprosy. Methods: This prospective study, conducted at Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, from January 2023 to August 2024, included clinically diagnosed or suspected leprosy cases aged >18 years. Demographic data, clinical findings, and skin biopsies were recorded. Histopathological analysis, using H&E and Fite-Faraco staining, followed Ridley-Jopling classification and bacillary index. Results: Out of 52 leprosy cases, the majority (53.8%) were aged 21–40 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.3. Hypopigmented patches were the most common clinical finding (61.5%), followed by erythematous lesions (28.8%) and nerve thickening (9.6%). Histologically, BT was the most frequent type (34.6%), followed by BL (23.1%). Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of histopathological classification in leprosy diagnosis. The most common histological types were BT and BL, with strong clinical and histopathological correlation, especially for TT. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, including MDT, remain crucial in managing leprosy and preventing further complications.
Authors: Sandeep Kodali, T. Satya Sri, Vodapalli Akshay Kumar, D S S Srinivas, Meghana Narayan
Institution: Guntur Medical College
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7103651534
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