Anti-inflammatory Activity of Acutely Administered Methanolic Leaf Extract of Croton zambesicus Linn in Laboratory Rats
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The present study investigated the acute anti-inflammatory effects of methanolic leaf extract of Croton zambesicus (MECZ) in laboratory rats using egg albumin-induced paw oedema and formaldehyde-induced arthritis models. A total of 62 albino rats were used and grouped accordingly to receive varying doses of MECZ (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg), standard drug (Diclofenac 20 mg/kg), and normal saline. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, saponins, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, and steroids. The extract exhibited a dose-dependent and statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in paw oedema compared to the control. The 100 mg/kg MECZ dose produced effects comparable to diclofenac in both egg albumin-induced paw oedema and formaldehyde-induced arthritis models. The LD₅₀ was calculated to be 3807.98 mg/kg, indicating a high margin of safety. These findings suggest that MECZ possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties, supporting its traditional use in managing inflammation-related conditions.
Authors: Pofi, Bitrus Danladi, Moritiwon, Olusayo, Ogundeko, Timothy Olugbenga, Sanni, Ayuba Clagba, Ramyil, Mamzhi Seljul C, Ngwuluka, Ndidi C, Otimenyin, Sunday O
Institutions: University of Jos, Bingham University
Language: English
Topic: Medicinal Plant Research
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7105901629
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