Comparative Evaluation of Non-destructive and CT-derived Indicators for Stiffness Assessment of Reclaimed Norway Spruce Timber
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The published version of this preprint can be found in: Huber, J.A.J., Svilans, T., Kauniste, M. et al. Comparative evaluation of non-destructive and CT-derived indicators for stiffness assessment of reclaimed Norway spruce timber. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 84, 81 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-026-02433-1 This paper presents a multimodal evaluation framework for reclaimed structural timber, combining X-ray computed tomography (CT), visual grading, dynamic excitation, four-point bending tests, and two classes of computational models (continuum-mechanics models and finite element analyses). Using 56 full-length reclaimed beams, the study compares the spatial sensitivity and predictive performance of established non-destructive techniques and CT-derived stiffness and density fields. The results demonstrate how voxel-resolved CT information can quantify stiffness- and defect-related variability and how these indicators relate to global and local mechanical performance. The analyses include:• Full-resolution CT-derived density and fibre-orientation fields• Longitudinal and transversal dynamic excitation measurements• Destructive and non-destructive mechanical bending tests• Visual grading according to INSTA 142, UNI 11119, and NS 3691-3• CT-based continuum-mechanics stiffness models• CT-informed finite element models with orthotropic material fields• Correlation, regression, and indicator-comparison analyses at beam and zone scales All underlying CT volumes, derived stiffness fields, CM and FE model outputs, profile-level results, and statistical analysis plots are openly available in the associated dataset: Dataset:Huber, J.A.J. et al. (2025). Multimodal Reclaimed Timber Dataset: X-ray CT Volumes, Visual Grading, Dynamic Tests, Mechanical Tests, and Finite Element and Continuum Model Results. Zenodo. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17682666 This work should be cited together with the dataset when reusing data, analysis workflows, or modelling approaches.
Authors: Huber, Johannes Albert Josef, Svilans, Tom, Kauniste, Maarja, Vonk, Niels, BROMAN, NILS OLOF, Tuhkanen, Eero, Wuyts, Wendy, Just, Alar, Tamke, Martin, Thomsen, Mette Ramsgaard
Language: English
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $2,590
OpenAlex ID: W7106699372
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