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The Role of Ethnography in Outbreak Response:Lessons from Lassa Fever in Nigeria

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: This review explores ethnography as a valuable tool in public health, using Lassa fever in Nigeria as a case example. It draws on reported experiences from three affected communities—Owo, Irrua, and Abakaliki—to highlight how beliefs, behaviors, and local practices shape people’s response to the disease. The paper reflects on documented accounts involving daily life, informal conversations with residents, and community-level interactions.Many people interpreted Lassa fever not just as a medical condition, but as a consequence of spiritual forces or broken taboos. This led some to delay hospital visits in favor of traditional healers or prayer houses, while others hid their illness to avoid judgment or social isolation. These behaviors often contributed to late treatment and the continued spread of the virus.The findings emphasize that public health responses must go beyond clinical care. Understanding local beliefs, building trust, and involving community leaders are essential steps toward effective disease control.

Source: Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17748774

Authors: Ekpenyong, Mercy, Guilavogui, Jean Paul Yassa, Tyem, Famak Nimnan, Umukoro, Angel

Institutions: National Open University of Nigeria, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria

Language: English

Topic: Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research

Subfield: Infectious Diseases

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: green

OpenAlex ID: W7107956625

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