Work

Effect of Fear and Time Delay on Predator–Prey Interaction

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: In this paper, we incorporate a new type of fear effect into a predator–prey time-delay model to study their combined impact on the system’s dynamics. Without time delay, our results show that the prey-only and coexistence equilibrium points are globally asymptotically stable under certain conditions. We also find that a transcritical bifurcation occurs near the prey-only equilibrium, while a Hopf bifurcation arises near the coexistence equilibrium. The fear effect plays a crucial role in the system’s behavior, as it can lead to predator extinction or near-extinction of the prey. Moreover, the inclusion of time delay influences the coexistence equilibrium, potentially destabilizing it and giving rise to a stable limit cycle.

Source: AppliedMath

DOI: 10.3390/appliedmath5040175

Authors: Ibrahim Elmojtaba, Mariam Al-Moqbali, Nasser Al-Salti

Institutions: Sultan Qaboos University, University of Technology and Applied Sciences — Ibri, National University of Science and Technology

Language: English

Topic: Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models

Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,207

OpenAlex ID: W7110423898

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Cites: 21

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