Singularity-Free Black Holes in the Scalar Temporal Field Ontology Without Violation of the Null Energy Condition
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: We present a proof-style analysis showing that the Scalar Temporal Field Ontology (STFO) admits static, spherically symmetric black hole solutions with regular interiors, where the usual curvature singularity is replaced by a de Sitter–like core. The mechanism of singularity resolution arises from the elastic self-energy of the temporal congruence, encoded in the expansion scalar Ω and the shear tensor C_{μν}, together with a nonlinear temporal kinetic sector of k-essence type F(X). Starting from a covariant action with generalized kinetic term F(X), temporal elasticity (Ω^2, C_{μν}C^{μν}), and disformally coupled matter, we derive the effective field equations for a static, spherically symmetric ansatz and construct a family of interior solutions whose curvature invariants remain finite at r = 0. We show that the regular core is supported by the combined effect of the nonlinear kinetic function F(X) and the elastic response of time-flow, rather than by exotic matter. Under natural positivity conditions on the elastic couplings (α > 0, β ≥ 0) and suitable choices of F(X) and V(τ), the total stress-energy tensor satisfies the Null Energy Condition (NEC) in a neighbourhood of the core. The resulting configurations interpolate between an exterior Schwarzschild-like region and an interior de Sitter–like core. This provides a controlled alternative to singular black holes in GR and to regular black hole models that rely on explicit NEC violation.
Author: Howe, Cale Scott
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7110786083
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