Ecological Analysis: A Pre-Epidemic Analysis of Jalisco's Spatial Temporal Baseline Suicide Mortality
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Introduction Suicide is a significant public health concern in Jalisco, M.xico, with notable variation across demographic and geographic groups. This study addresses the need for a detailed spatial and temporal analysis of suicide mortality before the COVID-19 pandemic, providing a baseline for future comparisons. Objectives To characterize the spatial and temporal patterns of suicide mortality in Jalisco from 2015 to 2019, focusing on sex- and region-specific differences, and to identify high-risk clusters, demographic disparities, and areas of persistent elevated mortality to inform targeted interventions. Materials and Methods An ecological, exploratory study was conducted using depersonalized suicide mortality records for the five-year period 2015–2019. Analyses were performed at the state and municipal levels, with rates calculated per 100 000 inhabitants aged ten years or older, using official sources from INEGI and CONAPO. Spatial patterns were assessed through choropleth mapping and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA); temporal trends were assessed by Joinpoint regression. Results A total of 2,837 suicide deaths were documented: 2,277 among men (80.2 %) and 560 among women (19.8 %). The overall mortality rate was 8.4 per 100,000 inhabitants, with 12.2 per 100,000 for men and 3.4 per 100,000 for women. Male mortality followed an inverted-U trajectory, peaking at 17.7 per 100 000 in 2017; female mortality remained relatively stable (3.4–4.3). Male mortality was highest in the Tamazula, Autlan, and Colotlan health regions, while female mortality peaked in northern municipalities. High-mortality clusters remained stable over the five years. Conclusions These findings establish a robust pre-pandemic baseline for monitoring changes, supporting targeted public health interventions, and guiding equitable allocation of mental health resources. Keywords Suicide; Mortality; Spatial Analysis; Mental Health; epidemiology; México; Jalisco.
Authors: Aldana López, Jesús Alejandro, Reyna Sevilla, Antonio, Ramos Herrera, Igor Martin, Gonzalez Castañeda, Miguel, Carmona-Huerta, Jaime, Escutia Gutierrez, Raymundo, Collazos Iriarte, Bruno, Cortés Zepeda, Rodrigo Neftali
Language: English
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7111077657
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