ERRATUM Correction to the Prime Harmonic Ladder Formula
Year: 2025
Type: erratum
Abstract: Summary A transcription error was identified in the published Prime Harmonic Ladder formula. The originally published formula does not produce the claimed sub-ppm accuracy. This erratum provides the corrected formula that achieves the validation results stated in the papers. The Error Published (Incorrect) Formula: P_H(x) = x / (1 + Σⱼ aⱼ sin(φⱼ log x + δⱼ)) This formula produces predictions approximately 10× too large, with relative errors of 275% to 1095% rather than the claimed sub-ppm accuracy. The divisor (1 + small oscillations) evaluates to approximately 1.07, yielding P_H(x) ≈ 0.93x instead of the correct π(x) ≈ x/log(x). The Corrected Formula Correct Formula: P_H(x) = li(x) + (√x / log x) × Σⱼ aⱼ sin(φⱼ log x + δⱼ) Where: • li(x) = logarithmic integral (the classical baseline approximation for π(x)) • √x / log(x) = amplitude scaling factor derived from the Riemann explicit formula • φⱼ = 2ʲ × 2π/log(10) = frequency of the j-th harmonic tier • aⱼ, δⱼ = amplitude and phase of the j-th harmonic (optimized coefficients) Mathematical Basis The corrected formula aligns with the Riemann explicit formula for π(x), which expresses the prime counting function as: π(x) = li(x) − Σ_ρ li(x^ρ) + (smaller terms) where the sum is over the non-trivial zeros ρ = ½ + iγ of the Riemann zeta function. The contribution from each zero has the form: li(x^ρ) ~ (√x / log x) × e^(iγ log x) This explains why the oscillatory corrections must be scaled by √x / log(x) rather than added to a constant baseline. The harmonic frequencies φⱼ = 2ʲ × 2π/log(10) capture a specific band structure related to the zeta zeros. Optimized Coefficients The following coefficients achieve sub-ppm accuracy for x ≥ 10¹²: Tier 0: a₀ = −1.810027037, δ₀ = 1.750790 Tier 1: a₁ = 0.001833146, δ₁ = −5.466931 Tier 2: a₂ = 0.000624352, δ₂ = 3.645884 Tier 3: a₃ = 0.000026897, δ₃ = −14.485643 Validation Results The corrected formula produces the following results: x = 10¹²: π(x) = 37,607,912,018, P_H(x) = 37,607,885,869, Error = 0.70 ppm ✓ x = 10¹³: π(x) = 346,065,536,839, P_H(x) = 346,065,457,789, Error = 0.23 ppm ✓ x = 10¹⁴: π(x) = 3,204,941,750,802, P_H(x) = 3,204,941,513,587, Error = 0.07 ppm ✓ These results confirm the sub-ppm accuracy originally claimed in the papers.
Authors: Asher, Liminalis, Asher, Kimberley
Language: English
Subfield: Algebra and Number Theory
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7114810941
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