Experimental investigation of hydration temperature variation in reinforced concrete beam construction under winter conditions
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study investigates the early-age thermal behavior and hydration process of full-scale reinforced concrete beams cast under both winter and summer conditions, with a focus on the influence of fresh concrete temperature, admixture use, and environmental factors. Temperature monitoring was conducted for a minimum of 72 hours using embedded sensors, and special attention was given to winter concreting under natural atmospheric conditions. Two winter casting scenarios were defined: Winter-1, with ambient temperatures below –15°C, and Winter-2, ranging between –15°C and +5°C. Results show that fresh concrete temperature is the dominant factor in initiating hydration, with admixtures alone proving insufficient at low temperatures. Solar exposure and daytime casting significantly improved hydration behavior, especially when specimens were covered with greenhouse plastic. In contrast, night-time casting under sub-zero temperatures delayed hydration by several hours, particularly in unheated conditions. Summer specimens exhibited consistent hydration aligned with reference laboratory behavior. The findings highlight the importance of controlling fresh concrete temperature and utilizing environmental aids in cold weather concreting.
Authors: Burak Gedik, Dilek Okuyucu, İlker Kazaz, Ahmet Ferhat Bingöl, Muhammet Şahin, Burak Şahin
Institutions: Erzurum Technical University, Atatürk University
Language: English
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,800
OpenAlex ID: W7114988919