Work

Bile acid–microbiota interactions in cardiometabolic diseases: mechanisms and emerging therapeutic approaches

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: The gut microbiota and bile acids co-regulate host metabolism through bidirectional interactions. This interaction critically influences the pathogenesis and progression of cardio-metabolic diseases (CMDs), which include diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular diseases. Growing evidence establishes bile acid metabolism as fundamental to the pathogenesis of CMDs. Bile acids activate both the nuclear receptor FXR and the membrane receptor TGR5, which in turn influence glucose and lipid metabolism, modulate inflammatory processes, and affect vascular functions. These signaling pathways collectively link metabolic and immune networks within the cardio-metabolic axis. This review provides an integrative overview of recent findings in bile acid signaling and its cross-talk with metabolic and immune pathways in CMDs. It critically evaluates disease mechanisms, discusses therapeutic candidates targeting bile acid pathways, and highlights future directions for the precise management of metabolic-immune disorders.

Source: Frontiers in Microbiology

DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1689026

Authors: Feiyu Chen, Lihong Gong

Institutions: Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Language: English

Topic: Gut microbiota and health

Subfield: Molecular Biology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,801