FPGA-based Sensorless Control Strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor using High-Frequency Injection with Loaded Start-up Capability
Year: 2025
Type: dissertation
Abstract: This dissertation proposes an FPGA-based sensorless control strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) utilizing saliency-based tracking in the High-Frequency (HF) injection technique to achieve accurate rotor position estimation, particularly in the low-speed region. A significant challenge in PMSM control lies in ensuring reliable, high-performance operation at low speeds, where traditional encoders or mechanical sensors face limitations. From standstill to low speeds, these sensors suffer from reduced resolution, weaker signal quality, insufficient sampling rates, and increased mechanical play and friction, all of which contribute to inaccuracies in speed and position detection. In addition, start-up conditions from standstill under load remain a critical focus in industrial motor control research, as many industrial applications, including electric vehicles, milling systems, and elevators, demand reliable operation in these scenarios. To address these challenges, this study presents fast processing by FPGA for a real-time sensorless control approach using the HF injection technique with start-up capability under loaded, eliminating the need for a speed sensor. Rotor position is estimated through modulation signals in the quadrature current, induced by a HF signal injected into the d-axis, which generates an estimated coordinate system to determine angular speed differences between the real and estimated systems. Digital filters and analytical calculation within modulation process and extraction scheme related to rotor position information, as well as loop-control tracking by extended Proportional-Integral (PI) control, combined with differential equations, are employed to accurately track and estimate rotor position and speed. Moreover, circuit design also plays a vital role in reducing noise, a common issue during sensorless low-speed operation. The integrated design of the motor control system, including the gate driver, power inverter, and control processes, should be considered to effectively mitigate noise and eliminate undesirable behavior of power switching components. Ringing suppression circuit is employed to improve noise reduction, providing precise current signals for modulation techniques, enabling accurate rotor position and speed estimation. Finally, experimental validation demonstrates the success of the proposed method, achieving reliable start-up operation under load, even at speed below 1 min-1.
DOI: 10.18997/0002002142
Author: Ferdiansyah Indra,
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7116089458
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