Beyond affirmation: Lessons from Tavistock —A psychoanalytic critique of identity certainty and institutional defence
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This paper offers a psychoanalytic critique of the affirmation model in gender identity care, drawing on clinical experience from the Tavistock Gender Identity Development Service (GIDS). It argues that institutional and therapeutic responses to gender distress in young people are increasingly shaped by pressures to affirm rather than to reflect. Drawing on psychoanalytic concepts including symbolic thinking, identity foreclosure, claustro‐agoraphobic anxieties and the “third position”, the paper explores how certainty and identity fixity can function as defences against psychic pain, rather than signs of psychological integration. The paper critiques the avoidance of transference, the foreclosure of thought and the emotional pressure placed on clinicians and institutions. It concludes by advocating for a model of care that restores reflective capacity and supports the difficult psychological work of identity development, rather than bypassing it through premature affirmation.
Source: British Journal of Psychotherapy
DOI: 10.1111/bjp.70011
Author: Marcus Evans
Language: English
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Gender equality
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,300
OpenAlex ID: W7116682437