Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Maintaining adequate hydration is essential for supporting physiological functions, cognitive performance, and overall health. However, individuals often fail to consume sufficient water at regular intervals due to busy lifestyles, irregular routines, and the absence of effective monitoring mechanisms. Conventional water bottles do not provide feedback regarding water consumption, while existing mobile-based hydration applications depend largely on manual user input, which reduces long-term usability and adherence. This paper presents HydroMate, an Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart water bottle designed to facilitate real-time hydration monitoring and automated user assistance. The proposed system employs a non-contact ultrasonic sensor to measure the remaining water level inside the bottle. An ESP32 microcontroller processes the sensor data and determines hydration status, while a Real-Time Clock (RTC) module ensures accurate scheduling of hydration reminders. Audible voice alerts are generated to prompt timely water intake, enhancing user awareness without requiring continuous visual attention. Wireless communication between the smart bottle and a mobile application is achieved using Wi-Fi and the MQTT protocol. A Flutter-based mobile application provides real-time visualization of water levels, reminder notifications, and device connectivity, along with configurable reminder intervals. Experimental evaluation indicates reliable sensing performance, stable communication, and effective reminder delivery under typical usage conditions. The results demonstrate that HydroMate offers a practical, cost-effective, and user-friendly IoT solution for promoting consistent hydration and preventive healthcare. scientific paper or patent application.
Institution: Visvesvaraya Technological University
Language: English
Topic: Arduino and IoT Applications
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W7116765035
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