In vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and cytotoxic effect of Sida cordifolia: synthesized metal nanoparticles
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Metal oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) of Manganese oxide (Mn 3 O 4 ) and zinc oxide (ZnO) were synthesized using methanolic Sida cordifolia root extract (SCE) and characterized using UV–Visible Spectroscopy, FT-IR, SEM and XRD followed by antimicrobial studies. Mn 3 O 4 NPs and ZnO NPs shown absorbance at 275, 325 and 354 nm respectively which confirms the formation of nanoparticles. In FTIR, peaks at 620 and 515 cm −1 correspond to Mn–O stretching of octahedral and tetrahedral sites respectively while peaks at 680.28 and 470.74 cm −1 confirms ZnO formation. XRD confirms the crystalline structure, tetragonal hausmannite for Mn 3 O 4 NPs and hexagonal wurtzite for ZnO NPs. SEM revealed that Mn 3 O 4 NPs and ZnO NPs exhibited reduced agglomeration, with an average size of 40.5 and 13.7 nm respectively. In antibacterial studies, at 100 µg/mL, Mn 3 O 4 NPs inhibited E. coli (11 ± 0.856 mm) and S. aureus (16 ± 1.365 mm), while ZnO NPs showed 18 ± 0.517 and 9 ± 1.583 mm inhibition respectively. The following in vitro assays carried out: DPPH assay, IC 50 values of extract, Mn 3 O 4 NPs and ZnO NPs were 37.05 μg/mL, 5.77 μg/mL and 9.10 μg/mL and in ABTS assay, IC 50 values were found to be 37.05 μg/mL, 13.09 μg/mL and 18.09 μg/mL respectively. Cholinesterase inhibition showed IC₅₀ values of 35.84, 28.63, and 17.70 µg/mL for SCE, Mn 3 O 4 , and ZnO NPs respectively indicating superior activity of ZnO NPs. ZnO NPs showed higher cytotoxicity against U87MG (the human glioblastoma cell line) and anti-inflammatory activity against RAW 264.7 (the mouse macrophage cell line) cell lines.
Source: Discover Chemistry.
Institution: University of Kerala
Language: English
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7117292082