Work

Towards Handicapping for Online Competitive Video Games: A Taxonomical Review of Intervention Studies

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Inappropriate challenge levels—due to mixed-ability matchmaking—can result in a playerbase-diminishing feedback effect in online competitive video games. Handicapping mechanisms, which have proven effective in other domains of play, remain largely under-utilised in this context. Considering an assumed preference for authentic gameplay in online play experiences, we propose a taxonomy for handicapping mechanisms based on their representation of non-handicapped gameplay conditions. We subsequently review handicapping interventions in the literature. The review finds that handicapping mechanisms are effective at balancing outcomes for mixed-ability sets of players in competitive video games and do not diminish enjoyment. Indeed, there is a likelihood of enhancing enjoyment, especially for lower-ability players. Application of the taxonomy reveals a key form of handicapping has been overlooked and we offer potential explanations for this gap. Additionally, we outline a vision for how the types of handicapping mechanism can facilitate graduated access into online competitive games.

Source: Games Research and Practice

DOI: 10.1145/3785476

Authors: Pete Gordon, William Kavanagh, Thomas Howson, David Lavallee

Institution: Abertay University

Language: English

Topic: Digital Games and Media

Subfield: Sociology and Political Science

Field: Social Sciences

Domain: Social Sciences

Open Access status: hybrid

Funder: Abertay University

Award: G4280407628