The combination of rosuvastatin and meloxicam enhances the radiotherapy efficacy of MCF7, T-47D, and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Background and purpose: Radiotherapy is an essential treatment for breast cancer, but radioresistance remains a major obstacle. Studies suggest that statins and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors can enhance radiotherapy, yet few have examined their combined effects on breast cancer radiosensitivity. This study investigates the impact of meloxicam and rosuvastatin pretreatment on the radiosensitivity of MCF-7, T-47D, and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Experimental approach: MCF-7, T-47D, and MDA-MB-231 cells were pretreated with varying concentrations of meloxicam, rosuvastatin, or both. Their response to radiation was evaluated using micronucleus, clonogenic, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) assays to assess chromosomal damage, cell survival, oxidative stress (via hydrogen peroxide degradation), and SOD antioxidant enzyme activity, respectively. Findings/Results: Pretreatment with combined rosuvastatin (R) and meloxicam (M) at R2+M10 μM, R10+M50 μM, and R20+M100 μM increased genotoxicity and reduced colony formation across all irradiated cell lines compared to radiation alone. R10 μM, R10+M50 μM, and R20+M100 μM decreased catalase activity across irradiated cell lines compared to radiation alone, whereas R2+M10 μM decreased catalase activity significantly only in T-47D cells. Pretreatment with R10 μM, R2+M10 μM, R10+M50 μM, and R20+M100 μM reduced SOD activity in all irradiated cell lines compared to radiation alone. Conclusion and implications: The combination of rosuvastatin and meloxicam at specific concentrations increased the radiation sensitivity of MCF-7, T-47D, and MDA-MB-231 cells. Combined pretreatment with rosuvastatin 10 μM and meloxicam 50 μM notably enhanced genotoxicity while reducing colony formation, catalase activity, and SOD activity compared to radiotherapy alone in MCF-7, T-47D, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines.
Institutions: Guilan University of Medical Sciences, University of Guilan
Language: English
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $500
OpenAlex ID: W7117366802