A Frequency- and Power-Dependent Semi-Analytical Model for Wideband RF Energy Harvesting Rectifiers
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: In this study, a new semi-analytical model was developed that can calculate the output voltage of low-power microwave rectifiers as a function of frequency and input power. The model integrates diode rectification characteristics and frequency-dependent impedance mismatches within the same mathematical structure. Defined by second-order polynomial expressions for input power and frequency, the model directly incorporates reflection coefficient (S11) data into the equations to account for frequency-dependent power losses caused by impedance mismatch, thereby improving calculation accuracy under wide-band conditions. To validate the model, a wide-band rectifier prototype with an FR4-based T-type matching network and a voltage doubler structure was designed and manufactured. Model calculations showed over 95% agreement with simulation results and closely followed the measured output voltage trends over the 0.5–3 GHz frequency range and input power levels from −12 dBm to 0 dBm. The proposed model provides a design-oriented and computationally efficient tool for wide-band, low-power RF energy harvesting and wireless power transfer applications, enabling rapid evaluation of impedance matching strategies with reduced reliance on electromagnetic simulations.
Source: Micromachines
DOI: 10.3390/mi17010030
Author: Sadık Zuhur
Institution: Iğdır Üniversitesi
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,534
OpenAlex ID: W7117473060