Work

Static nonreciprocity in mechanical metamaterials enabled by symmetry breaking: a perspective

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Mechanical metamaterials enable unconventional direction-dependent actuation, vibration isolation, and signal routing. Beyond dynamic phenomena, static nonreciprocity can arise from geometric nonlinearities—curvature, contact, and buckling—or from material nonlinearity, challenging classical Maxwell–Betti reciprocity and Cauchy elasticity. This Perspective unifies direct, coupled, and odd elasticity, surveys symmetry-informed design strategies, nonlinear mechanisms, and constitutive models, and outlines pathways to programmable lattices. We propose a taxonomy linking nonreciprocity to symmetry-guided design.

Source: npj Metamaterials

DOI: 10.1038/s44455-025-00011-8

Authors: Dijia Zhong, Jaehyung Ju

Institution: Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Language: English

Topic: Advanced Materials and Mechanics

Subfield: Mechanical Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,590

Funders: National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China