Ozone Enhanced Scaling as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study designs: Randomized Controlled Trial, Clinical Trial
Abstract: Introduction: Chronic Periodontitis (CP) is an inflammatory biofilm-induced disease that damages the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, leading to tooth loss. Ozonated water exhibits antimicrobial effects against periodontal microorganisms, like Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Ozone molecules may easily enter cells and lead to membrane lysis by release of nascent oxygen molecule. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the long-term biochemical effect of the ozone water on inflammatory cytokines. Aim: To determine the clinical and biochemical effectiveness of ozonated water irrigation as an adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) in patients with CP. Materials and Methods: The present parallel-group randomised controlled trial was conducted in the Department of Periodontology, Santosh Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, between October 2022 and November 2024. Among 100 patients screened, a total of 72 participants with CP, aged 30-60 years were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A received SRP alone, and Group B received SRP with subgingival irrigation using ozonated water. Clinical parameters i.e., Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) were recorded at baseline, one month, and three months, while Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was evaluated at baseline and three months. Wilcoxon signed-ranked and student’s independent t-test were used for data analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0, with a significance threshold of p≤0.05. Results: The study population had a mean age of 44.3±7.2 years. The test group showed greater PPD reduction (2.14±0.49 mm vs 2.08±0.16 mm) and greater CAL gain (3.080±0.47 versus 1.63±0.25) in control group (p<0.05) three months postoperatively. At three months, the difference in mean value of PPD and CAL of control group and test group was found to be statistically significant (p=0.008* and p=0.001**, respectively). IL-1β levels reduced significantly in the test group by 2.16±1.39 and the control group by 1.26±1.02 at three months from baseline (p<0.05). At three months, the difference in mean value of salivary IL-1β level in control group and test group was statistically significant (p=0.03*). Both the groups showed significant reduction in PI and GI three months postoperatively (p<0.05). Conclusion: Subgingival irrigation with ozonated water as an adjunct to SRP provides superior improvements in clinical and biochemical parameters compared to SRP alone in the management of patients with CP.
Language: English
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $275
OpenAlex ID: W7117704165
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