Work

Waste-to-Energy in India: A Decompositional Analysis

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: This study presents a comprehensive decomposition analysis of waste-to-energy (WtE) in India through a systematic literature review (SLR) employing the PRISMA guidelines. The findings underscore the immense potential of WtE technologies in addressing India’s escalating municipal solid waste (MSW) generation amid rapid urbanization while simultaneously contributing to sustainable energy production and circular economy goals. The thematic analysis reveals four key themes: global trends in MSW generation, MSW as an alternative energy source, WtE approaches within a circular economy framework, and the impact of India’s urban expansion on MSW generation. Despite significant potential, India’s current WtE initiatives face substantial challenges, including inadequate waste segregation, policy gaps, public resistance, technological limitations, and insufficient financial investment. To effectively harness WtE technologies, strategic efforts must focus on robust policy implementation, indigenous technology advancement tailored to India’s waste characteristics, fostering public–private partnerships, and enhancing community engagement to mitigate public concerns. Future research should aim to quantify the economic, environmental, and social impacts of localized WtE interventions to guide scalable solutions. This study contributes valuable insights to policymakers, urban planners, and stakeholders aiming to transition India toward sustainable waste management and energy systems.

Source: Applied Sciences

DOI: 10.3390/app16010377

Authors: Pravin Kokane, Ganesh Shete, Komal Handore, Rakshit Jakhar, Katarzyna Styszko

Institutions: University of Mumbai, National Institute of Construction Management and Research, AGH University of Krakow

Language: English

Topic: Municipal Solid Waste Management

Subfield: Waste Management and Disposal

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Responsible consumption and production, Affordable and clean energy, Industry, innovation and infrastructure, Sustainable cities and communities, Climate action

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,896