Work

Reconstruction of an extensive gouty tophus ulceration at the wrist using a dermal matrix and autologous skin graft: A case report

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Background: Ulcerated tophaceous gout of the wrist poses a major reconstructive challenge, owing to deep tissue infiltration by urate crystals, high infection risk, and the functional demands of the joint. Although local or free flaps are frequently used, these techniques are often associated with significant donor-site morbidity, technical complexity, and prolonged immobilization that may contribute to joint stiffness. This report presents a staged approach using a dermal regeneration matrix followed by autologous skin grafting, offering a less invasive and functionally advantageous alternative for reconstructing such complex defects. Case Presentation: A 60-year-old male with a 25-year history of poorly controlled, treatment-refractory tophaceous gout presented with a 7-day history of a spontaneously ruptured ulcer on the dorsoradial aspect of the wrist, measuring 8 × 5 cm. The wound exhibited three hallmark features:1. Tendon exposure with localized tendon necrosis;2. Active tophaceous discharge, confirmed by microscopy to contain monosodium urate (MSU) crystals exhibiting needle-shaped morphology and negative birefringence;3. Deep tissue invasion with intraoperative evidence of radiocarpal joint involvement. Metabolic Parameters: Serum uric acid levels were 630 μmol/L preoperatively (during titration of febuxostat from 40 mg to 20 mg/day) and decreased to 500 ± 15 μmol/L at 24-month follow-up. Aesthetic Outcomes: The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) patient score was 2/10 (one representing normal skin). Conclusion: The staged reconstruction protocol, which combines dermal substitution with autologous skin grafting, delivers durable soft tissue coverage and functional preservation in complex wrist gout ulcerations. This approach represents a less morbid and technically feasible alternative to traditional flap surgery, particularly in high-risk patients with multiple comorbidities. Excellent mid-term outcomes were observed, including 24-month recurrence-free survival.

Source: JPRAS Open

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2025.12.027

Authors: Tian-Hao Zhang, Zhi-Jiang Wang, Jian-Hong Huang, Jian Lin

Institution: Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid

Subfield: Nephrology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,920