Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Understanding the transformation pathways of WO3 during carbothermal reduction (CTR) is crucial for tailoring the properties of tungsten-based nanopowders. In this study, the dynamic structural and phase evolution of WO3 during CTR was investigated using in situ heating transmission electron microscopy. Three distinct pathways were identified: oriented growth into W18O49 followed by reduction to W, direct reduction to W, and vapor-phase nucleation forming β-W and α-W. These pathways exhibit markedly different nucleation and growth mechanisms, critically influencing the final morphology and phase composition of the products.
Source: Materials Research Letters
Authors: Kuokuo Bao, Yunzhu Ma, Jiayu Tang, Wensheng Liu
Institution: Central South University
Language: English
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,459
Awards: G5941051939, G8712317535
OpenAlex ID: W7118185248