Three‐dimensional Antimony Sulfide Based Flat Optics
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: ABSTRACT Fabricating high‐index materials with designed three‐dimensional (3D) micro optical elements is a challenging yet exciting area of research. Here, we develop an approach to 3D print high‐index nanostructures of antimony trisulfide (Sb 2 S 3 ) using grayscale electron beam lithography (g‐EBL). A key advantage of our approach is its simplicity compared to the conventional complex EBL‐based metalens fabrication process. The refractive index of Sb 2 S 3 films is precisely determined using a computational genetic algorithm and the transfer matrix method. The Sb 2 S 3 structures show high fidelity and reproducibility, with the refractive index being tunable through thermal treatment. We demonstrate the fabrication and performance of 3D Fresnel Zone Plates (FZPs) and metalenses with the same design specification. Theoretical and experimental evaluation confirmed the diffraction‐limited capability of as‐fabricated 3D optical elements and indicates that the focusing efficiency of FZPs is higher compared to metalenses. This work advances the application of Sb 2 S 3 in micro‐ and nanoscale photonics, highlighting its potential for dynamic optical devices with precise control over output properties.
Source: Advanced Functional Materials
Language: English
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $5,790
Awards: GRK 2675: Maßgeschneiderte Metaoberflächen – Erzeugung, Programmierung und Detektion von Licht, G1881465222, SFB 1375: Nichtlineare Optik bis hin zu atomaren Skalen, TRR 234: Lichtgetriebene molekulare Katalysatoren in hierarchisch strukturierten Materialien – Synthese und mechanistische Studien, G2379898269, G2639705064, G3278474726, Verbundprojekt: Multi-Dimensionale, multimodale, intelligente Imaging Plattformen (LPI-BT1) - Teilvorhaben: Bereitstellung eines multimodalen Nanoskopie-Systems, sowie state-of the-art Analyse-Methoden für multivariate Bilddaten, G3420992565, G369187184, G3895468693, G4893161683, G5271339675, G5425951435, G545552902, G5616441559, G6688288643, G6702176395, G7632361294, G805103956
OpenAlex ID: W7118437772