Work

Assembled fixed-dose combination tablet for hypertension: A modular design inspired by LEGO® architecture

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Polypharmacy in chronic diseases like hypertension often compromises patient adherence and therapeutic success due to complex regimens. While conventional fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablets improve adherence, they lack the dose flexibility needed for personalized treatment. This study addresses this gap by developing and characterizing a novel, LEGO®-inspired assemblable FDC tablet system for customizable antihypertensive therapy. Using 3D-printed molds, individual, stackable modules containing either Amlodipine, Valsartan, or Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) were created. The study evaluated two polymer matrices, revealing a critical dependence on the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Gelatin-based matrices were effective for Amlodipine and Valsartan, achieving rapid drug with USP dissolution standards; however, this matrix was incompatible release (>90% within 30 min) compliant with HCTZ. Conversely, an HPMC-based matrix successfully formulated HCTZ with a controlled-release profile but was unsuitable for the other two drugs. This work validates the proof-of-concept for a modular FDC system as a promising platform for personalized polypharmacy. However, it also highlights that achieving desired drug release profiles requires careful, API-specific polymer selection, presenting a key formulation challenge for this innovative approach.

Source: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2026.107430

Authors: Tanikan Sangnim, Kittipat Suwanpitak, Pornsak Sriamornsak, Kampanart Huanbutta

Institutions: Burapha University, Silpakorn University, Rangsit University

Language: English

Topic: Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies

Subfield: Automotive Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,070