Work

Update of incidence and survival in patients with cervical cancer in the United States from 2000 to 2021

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The implementation of human papillomavirus-based screening in the early 2000s and advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapy have necessitated updated insights into the incidence and survival trends of cervical cancer in the U.S. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 data on patients diagnosed with primary invasive cervical cancer from 2000 to 2021. Age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated in SEER*Stat software. Trends of incidence were analyzed using Joinpoint regression models to calculate annual percent changes and identify the best-fitting joinpoints. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate risk factors associated with overall survival (OS). RESULTS: From 2000 to 2021, the incidence of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) IA/IB declined annually by 1.9% and 0.7%, respectively, while the incidence of FIGO IV increased by 0.9% per year. Unadjusted OS declined slightly over the study period (hazard ratio [HR]=1.010; p<0.001), with 5-year OS decreasing from 70.3% in 2000 to 66.4% in 2016. However, after adjusting for age and stage, OS improved significantly (adjusted HR=0.996; p=0.002). Survival gains were primarily observed in patients with FIGO II-IV, whereas outcomes for FIGO I patients remained unchanged. Non-Hispanic Black patients continued to experience disparities in treatment access, including lower rates of postoperative radiotherapy and brachytherapy use. CONCLUSION: The decline in OS from 2000 to 2021 were associated with a shift toward more advanced-stage diagnoses and older age at diagnosis. Poorer outcomes among non-Hispanic Black patients were partly due to unequal access to optimal care.

Source: Journal of Gynecologic Oncology

DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2026.37.e36