221. Effectiveness of RSV Vaccines in Older Adults in the United States, VISION Network, 2023-2025
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) caused approximately 100,000-160,000 hospitalizations annually in adults aged ≥60 years in the United States (US) before RSV vaccine introduction. In 2023, two vaccines were recommended for prevention of severe RSV disease in adults aged ≥60 years using shared clinical decision making. In 2024, a third product was licensed, and all three available vaccines were recommended for all adults aged ≥75 years and for adults aged 60-74 years at increased risk of severe RSV disease. We assessed post-licensure vaccine effectiveness (VE) to inform future recommendations and public communications. Methods VISION is a multi-site electronic health record-based study including >200 hospitals in the US. Adults aged ≥60 years hospitalized with RSV-like illness and tested for RSV were included. Cases had a positive molecular or antigen RSV test; controls had a negative molecular RSV test. Critical illness included admission to the intensive care unit or in-hospital death. VE against hospitalization and critical illness was calculated using a test negative design as (1-adjusted odds ratio) x 100% where the odds ratio compares odds of vaccination in cases and controls after adjusting for confounders. Results were stratified by time since RSV vaccination, age group, and immunocompromised status. Results Among 83,652 hospitalizations during October 2023-March 2024 and October 2024-March 2025, VE was 62% (95% CI: 56-67%, Table) against RSV-associated hospitalization, median 279 days after RSV vaccination. VE was 83% (95% CI: 73-89%) at 14-59 days after vaccination and 42% (95% CI: 30-53%) at least 1 year after vaccination (median 429 days). VE against RSV-associated critical illness was 69% (95% CI: 55-78%), median 277 days after vaccination. VE was similar by age group and among those with and without immunocompromising conditions. Conclusion RSV vaccines are effective at preventing severe RSV and have the potential to reduce the burden of RSV-associated hospitalizations among older adults, although waning protection was apparent during the second season after vaccination. Ongoing monitoring of RSV VE is warranted to ensure vaccines are working as expected, to understand duration of protection, and to inform policy decisions. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
Source: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Authors: Ruth Link-Gelles, Patrick K Mitchell, Janet Watts, Toan Ong, Sarah W Ball, Malini B DeSilva, Kristin K Dascomb, Stephanie Irving, Shaun J Grannis, Nicola P Klein, Michelle Barron, David Mayer, Catia Chavez, Angela Cheung, Lawrence Reichle, Charlene E McEvoy, Omobosola Akinsete, Jingran Cao, Tamara Sheffield, Daniel Bride, Julie Arndorfer, Joshua Van Otterloo, Allison L Naleway, Ousseny Zerbo, John R Hansen, Lawrence Block, Karen B Jacobson, Colin Rogerson, Thomas Duszynski, William F Fadel, Karthik Natarajan, Josephine Mak, Morgan Najdowski, Amber Kautz, Ryan E Wiegand, Allison Avrich Ciesla, Jennifer DeCuir, Amanda B Payne
Institutions: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Westat (United States), University of Colorado Anschutz, HealthPartners, Intermountain Healthcare, Intermountain Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Indiana University Indianapolis, Kaiser Permanente, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Regenstrief Institute, Columbia University
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,053
OpenAlex ID: W7122545345