Energy Consumption Prediction in Battery Electric Vehicles: A Systematic Literature Review
Year: 2026
Type: review
Study design: Systematic Review
Abstract: Predicting energy consumption in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) is a complex task due to the large number of influencing factors and their interdependencies. Nevertheless, reliable energy consumption estimation is essential to reduce range anxiety, facilitate route planning, manage charging infrastructure, and support more effective travel decisions that lower operational risks in transportation, thereby fostering wider BEV adoption. In this context, the present study examines the existing literature on methodologies for predicting BEV energy consumption through a systematic literature review (SLR) following the Denyer and Tranfield protocol and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The analysis covers modelling approaches, computational tools, model accuracy metrics, variable topology, sampling frequency and analysis period, modelling scale, and data sources. In addition, this review incorporates a structured assessment of the methodological quality of the included studies and a systematic evaluation of risk of bias, enabling a critical appraisal of the reliability and generalisability of reported findings. A comprehensive classification of modelling methodologies and variables is proposed, providing an integrative reference framework for future research. Overall, this study addresses existing research gaps, identifies current methodological limitations, and outlines directions for future work on BEV energy consumption prediction.
Source: Energies
DOI: 10.3390/en19020371
Institutions: Universidad de Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional de Loja
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,137
OpenAlex ID: W7122779013