Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Charcoal briquettes, made from organic waste. Their quality depends significantly on moisture content, which affects electrical conductivity. This study focuses on automating moisture measurement using electrical resistance. The device employs a current-sensing circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, Hall effect sensors, and servo-driven clamps with plate-shaped electrodes to grip briquettes and measure resistance. Briquettes are fed into the system by a rotary feeder. Testing on batches of 10 briquettes classified as dry, half-dry, and wet showed classification success rates of 100% for either dry or wet conditions and 55.6% for half-dry conditions, despite occasional errors from resistance values outside predefined ranges. Resistance ranges recorded were 11.38–15.80 MΩ (dry), 3.37–7.59 MΩ (half-dry), and 0.02–0.80 MΩ (wet), corresponding to moisture contents of 0–3.03%, 7.27–11.52%, and 11.52–16.36%, respectively. The half-dry resistance values were closer to the wet range, indicating the half-dry batches were not distinctly intermediate between dry and wet. The rotary feeder showed practical reliability with 88% success for loading briquettes into chambers and 77.5% for positioning them on the measurement table, enabling effective automation. Overall, the system demonstrated the capability to measure moisture content and classify briquettes by dryness.
Institution: Sanata Dharma University
Language: English
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7124429048
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