Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Introduction: Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, are the most prevalent benign tumors found in women of reproductive age. Their growth is influenced by various inflammatory markers and hormonal factors. Key elements such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (TGF-β1), C-reactive protein (CRP), and vitamin D have been associated with the development and progression of fibroids. This research aimed to assess the serum concentrations of IL-6, TGF-β1, CRP, and vitamin D in women diagnosed with uterine fibroids to explore their potential roles in the severity and progression of the condition. Materials & Methods: A case-control study was carried out involving 50 women diagnosed with uterine fibroids and 50 age-matched healthy controls. The serum concentrations of IL-6, TGF-β1, CRP, and vitamin D were quantified through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data analysis was performed using SPSS, with statistical significance determined at a p-value of less than 0.05. Results: Women with uterine fibroids exhibited notably higher serum concentrations of IL-6 (6.12 ± 1.92 pg/mL vs. 8.01 ± 1.25 pg/mL, p = 0.000), TGF-β1 (3.056 ± 0.9 ng/mL vs. 2.1 ± 0.235 ng/mL, p = 0.001), and CRP (45.23 ± 4.6 mg/L vs. 43.5 ± 4.2 mg/L, p = 0.000) compared to healthy controls. In contrast, vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the fibroid group (63.25 ± 7.02 ng/mL vs. 44.2 ± 8.6 ng/mL, p = 0.02). Correlation analysis revealed that IL-6, TGF-β1, and CRP levels were positively correlated with both the size and number of fibroids, while vitamin D displayed an inverse relationship. Conclusion: Increased levels of IL-6, TGF-β1, and CRP indicate a significant inflammatory contribution to the development of uterine fibroids, whereas reduced vitamin D levels suggest a possible protective role. These results highlight the potential impact of inflammatory control and vitamin D supplementation in managing fibroids. Future longitudinal research is needed to establish causal links and assess therapeutic possibilities. Keywords: Uterine fibroids, IL-6, TGF-β1, CRP, Vitamin D, Inflammation, Biomarkers
Authors: Navya S, Meenakumari S
Language: English
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7124600371