Mechanisms of elasticity across length scales in textile fiber systems: Chemistry, structure, and applications
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Elastic textiles, including fibers, yarns, and fabrics that can reversibly deform, are indispensable across diverse fields, from apparel to soft robotics, wearable electronics, and biomedical systems. Yet, the fundamental understanding of how molecular conformations, fiber architectures, and fabric-scale structures collectively govern elastic behavior remains fragmented across disciplines. This review introduces a novel multiscale design framework that bridges nanoscale mechanisms, such as conformational transitions and soft–hard segment architectures, with microscale and macroscale deformation modes, including protein secondary-structure unfolding and the uncoiling of twisted or coiled yarns. We further discuss integration strategies for macro-structured yarns within woven, knitted, and braided fabrics, emphasizing the interplay between functionality, manufacturability, and durability. By linking molecular-to-textile-scale mechanisms within a coherent framework, this review lays the groundwork for predictive, sustainable, and multifunctional design of elastic materials.
Source: Materials Today Advances
Authors: Minkyoung Park, Jeongmin Oh, Yaewon Park
Language: English
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,790
Awards: G1358540041, G4036284839
OpenAlex ID: W7124741291