Search for Gravitational Waves Emitted from SN 2023ixf
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: We present the results of a search for gravitational-wave transients associated with core-collapse supernova SN 2023ixf, which was observed in the galaxy Messier 101 via optical emission on 2023 May 19, during the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA 15th Engineering Run. We define a five-day on-source window during which an accompanying gravitational-wave signal may have occurred. No gravitational waves have been identified in data when at least two gravitational-wave observatories were operating, which covered ∼14% of this five-day window. We report the search detection efficiency for various possible gravitational-wave emission models. Considering the distance to M101 (6.7 Mpc), we derive constraints on the gravitational-wave emission mechanism of core-collapse supernovae across a broad frequency spectrum, ranging from 50 Hz to 2 kHz, where we assume the gravitational-wave emission occurred when coincident data are available in the on-source window. Considering an ellipsoid model for a rotating proto-neutron star, our search is sensitive to gravitational-wave energy 1 × 10$^{−4}$ M $_{⊙}$ c $^{2}$ and luminosity 2.6 × 10$^{−4}$ M $_{⊙}$ c $^{2}$ s$^{−1}$ for a source emitting at 82 Hz. These constraints are around an order of magnitude more stringent than those obtained so far with gravitational-wave data. The constraint on the ellipticity of the proto-neutron star that is formed is as low as 1.08, at frequencies above 1200 Hz, surpassing past results.
DOI: 10.5167/uzh-282206
Authors: Abac, A G, Tiwari, S, Xu, Y, Acernese, F, Ackley, K, Adhicary, S, Adhikari, N, Adhikari, R X, Adkins, V K, Agarwal, D, Agathos, M, Aghaei Abchouyeh, M, Aguiar, O D, Aguilar, I, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Akutsu, T, Albanesi, S, Alfaidi, R A, Al-Jodah, A, Alléné, C, Allocca, A, Al-Shammari, S, Altin, P A, Alvarez-Lopez, S, Amato, A, Amez-Droz, L, Amorosi, A, Amra, C, Ananyeva, A, et al
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7124760731
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