Work

Smart Irrigation System Using IoT for Efficient Water Management

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Agriculture depends heavily on freshwater, yet most conventional irrigation systems still operate without real-time knowledge of soil conditions. Fixed-schedule watering and manual control frequently lead to both over-irrigation and moisture deficiency, which negatively affect crop growth and increase resource consumption. This paper presents an Internet-of-Things (IoT)–based smart irrigation system that automatically regulates water delivery using soil-moisture sensing, microcontroller-based decision making, and cloud monitoring. The ESP8266 microcontroller processes live moisture readings and controls a relay-driven pump so that irrigation starts only when the soil becomes dry and stops at an optimal threshold. Experimental results demonstrate reduced water usage, lower labor effort, and improved monitoring capability, highlighting the potential of low-cost IoT solutions to support sustainable agriculture.

Source: Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18334172

Authors: Ms. Shubhangi S. Bhale, Ms. Ketki K. Rahegaonkar, Ms. Pragati S. Sangvikar, Mr. Sayed Shoaib Anwar

Language: English

Topic: Smart Agriculture and AI

Subfield: Plant Science

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Domain: Life Sciences

SDGs: Zero hunger, Industry, innovation and infrastructure, Clean water and sanitation

Open Access status: green

OpenAlex ID: W7125364689

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